Bottle nozzle



May 25, 937. BERMAN v 2,081,525

BOTTLE NOZZLE Filed Jan. 4, 1935 Patented May 25, 1937 IUNHTED STATESATgE NT OFFICE 4 Claims.

My invention relates to bottle nozzles and has particular reference to adevice which may be employed to permit simultaneous flow of liquid froma bottle or container and inflow of air to the container.

In extracting liquids from containers, particularly bottles and similarvessels, it is necessary to permit air to flow into the bottle toreplace the liquid drawn therefrom in order that the flow of liquid fromthe bottle or other .vessel may be in a steady stream. This isparticularly advisable when the liquid is of such nature that air mustbe prevented from being trapped by the outgoing liquid, such as when theliquid is to :be used in treatment of certain diseases by the injectionof the same from the container direct into the human body. In thepractice of introducing intravenous solutions into patients in thetreatment of certain diseases, particular care must be taken not onlythat the outgoing liquid shall not trap and carry air into the veins ofthe patient and that the stream of liquid coming from the vessel orbottle shall be steady but also that the air which is employed toreplace the contents of the bottle shall be filtered in order to preventcontamination of the contents of the bottle or other vessel.

Various nozzles and devices have been employed to permit steady inflowof air into such bottles or vessels, these devices comprising theattachments which must be placed upon the bottle, and by reason of theirintricate construction cannot be readily cleaned and sterilized, and,further, since they attach to and project from the bottle or othervessel, are subject to breakage while the treatment is being given.

It .is, therefore, an object of my invention to provide a bottle nozzlewhich may lie wholly within the bottle or other vessel from which theliquid is to be extracted.

Another object of the invention is to provide a nozzle of the characterset forth in the preceding paragraph in which the incoming air iscairiedthrough a tortuous path, aportion of which includes a liquid sealthrough which the air must be filtered.

Anotherobject of the invention is to provide a device of the characterset forth herein, in which the airintroduced into the bottle is at ahigher level than thepoint of egress of the-liquid from the bottle, thuspermitting trapping of the air in the outgoing stream.

Another object of the-invention is to provide a b ottle nozzle of thecharacter set forth, in which the point of introduction of the air intothe bottle or vessel lies at a considerable distance from the point ofegress of ,thebottle, thus further preventing contamination, ortrapping, of the air in the outgoing stream.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent 5 from a studyof thefollowing specifications, read in connection with the accompanyingdrawing, wherein Figure 1 is a diagrammatic view of a bottle or vesselemployed for administering intravenous 10 solutions, illustrating mybottle nozzle therein connected to the instruments employed in suchtreatments;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of my bottle nozzle located within the neckof a bottle, similar to 15 that shown in Fig. l, the bottle beingillustrated in phantom dotted lines;

Fig. 3 is a dev opment of the exterior of my bottle nozzle, illustratingthe air passage and the liquid passage therein and Fig. 4, is asectional view of a bottle nozzle constructed in accordance with myinvention, taken along line IVIV of Fig. 2. 4

Referring to ,the drawing, 1 have illustrated a bottle I, representativeof a bottle, container or other vessel in which liquids may be supplied,for intravenous treatments, such bottle being ordinarily provided witha suitable neck .2 leading to an outlet or mouth 3 which, if desired,may be provided with threads or other closure attachments, whereby a capor other closure may be placed upon the bottle to retain the contentstherein. When it is desired to remove the con tents from the bottle 1, atube 4, leading to an injectionneedle ,5, must be attached to the bottle3 or vessel I to communicate with the interior thereof, permitting theliquid therein to flow out through the tube and out through theneedle'5.

As will be understood by those skilled in the art, it is necessary thatair be introduced into 0 the bottle I to replace the liquidwhich'isdrawh therefrom through the tube 4, and I provide a .bottle-nozzle 6 which may be inserted into ,the .neck 2 of the bottle,,theparticular form of which is preferably as shown in Fig. 2. The bottle 45nozzle '6 comprises a cylindrical section of rubber or othercompressible material which may be iniserted into the neck 2 of thebottle to seattightly in the interiorthereof and form a substantialclosure for the bottle.

The nozzle 6 is provided with a liquid passage bore 1 preferablyextending longitudinally of the nozzle ,6 concentrically with theexterior of the fcy'lindrical 'form thereof so that the liquidis removedfrom the central portion of the neck of the bottle I.

By referring particularly to Fig. 4, it will be observed that the outerend of the liquid bore 1 may be initially sealed by a cap or closure 8which may be inserted in an enlarged opening 9 at one end of the nozzle6, or, if desired, the closure 8 may be formed as a thin membrane of thematerial of which the nozzle is constructed either scored or providedwith gripping elements permitting the person using the same to tear outthe closure 8 when it is desired to use the nozzle 6.

In order to provide into the bottle i while the contents thereof areflowing out through the liquid passage l, I provide the exterior of thecylindrical form of the nozzle E with a long air passage groove it, oneend of which communicates with the exterior of the bottle and the otherend of which communicates with the interior of the bottle, the groovebeing formed in the exterior of the nozzle member 6 so that when thenozzle is inserted in a bottle the interior wall of the bottle willclose one side of the passage Ill.-

By referring particularly to Figs. 2 and 3, it will be observed that theair passage l extends from an entrance point H as a short, substantiallystraight passage paralleling the longitudinal axis of the nozzle 6, thisportion of the passage terminating in a sharp bend at l2 from whichleads a downwardly extending portion I3 communicating with anenlargement Id of the groove to constitute a liquid trap which, uponinversion of the bottle I, will partially fill with liquid as indicatedat [5, closing the point of communication i6 of the enlargement I l withthe section iii of the air passage. Thus any air introduced through theentrance H will be filtered through the liquid i5 before passing to theinterior of the bottle or vessel. From the enlarged portion M formingthe trap, a relatively small passage ll extends downwardly to a sharpbend l B from which a relatively straight portion of the passage extendsupwardly, as indicated at 19, to the air outlet All in the interior ofthe bottle.

By referring particularly to Figs. 2 and 3, it will be observed thatwhen the bottle I is inverted to allow the contents thereof to pass out,the bend E2 of the passage it! will lie at a slightly lower level thanthe point of communication between the liquid trap Hi and the section llof the air passage, while, similarly, the entrance l6 of the liquid trapl4 will lie at a slightly lower level than the bed l8 leading to theoutlet 20. Thus with but a small amount of liquid in the trap l4 theincoming air must pass through the liquid l5 and there will be little orno tendency for the entire air passage to fill with liquid to siphon offthe contents of the bottle. Again it will be noted that by reason of theformation of the air passage H] at the outer surface of the nozzlemember 6, the air outlet 26 at the interior of the bottle is adjacentthe interior walls of the bottle, spaced a considerable distance fromthe liquid outlet passage 1. It will also be noted that the inner end ofthe nozzle 6 is cut away for half its width in the form of a notch, orrecess, 2|, the cut-out portion extending over the inner end of theliquid passage 1, thus providing the point of exit of the liquid at alower level than the point of entrance of the air coming into the bottleor other vessel.

By reason of the respective locations of the inner ends of the air andliquid passages, it will be apparent that the air coming into the bottlefor the admission of air can never be trapped in the outgoing streamtherefrom and thus the chance of injecting bubbles of air into a patientis avoided.

It will also be observed that by reason of the construction of thenozzle 6, as illustrated and described herein, the nozzle may beinserted in the bottle by the original manufacturer of the contentsthereof, and it will remain in the bottle until it is desired to use thecontents therefrom, at which time the outer closure of the bottle may beremoved, the tube I l connected to the liquid passage 7, and the bottlethen inverted. This permits of the ready handling of, intravenoussolutions without contamination thereof by unsterile attachments whichwould otherwise be required to be placed upon the bottle or vessel.Moreover, by reason of the construction of the nozzle 6 the same isreadily adapted to be boiled or otherwise sterilized in any sterilizerwithout danger of breakage thereof, and without requiring anydisassembly of separate parts, as is required in the present-knowndevices for this purpose.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of myinvention, it is to be understood that I do not wish to be limited toany of the details of construction shown herein, except as defined inthe appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a bottle nozzle, a nozzle member insertable into the outletopening of a bottle to completely fill the same, said nozzle memberhaving a tortuous groove extending about the exterior of said member,one end of said groove communicating with one end of said member, theopposite end of said groove communicating with the opposite end of saidmember, and an enlargement of said groove between the ends thereofconstituting a liquid seal through which air passing through said groovewill be filtered.

2. An article of manufacture comprising a bottle nozzle having asubstantially cylindrical shape and having a groove extending about theexterior of said member constituting an air passage, one end of whichcommunicates with one end of said cylindrical member and the other endof said groove communicating with the opposite end of said cylindricalmember, a portion of said groove being enlarged to form a liquid sealthrough which air must be filtered during its passage therethrough, arecess in one end of said member, and a liquid passage extendinglongitudinally through said member, one end of which communicates withsaid recess, and the opposite end of which communicates with theopposite end of said member.

3. An article of. manufacture comprising a bottle nozzle member having ashape adapted to fill the outlet opening of a bottle and having a grooveextending about the exterior of said member constituting an air passage,one end of which terminates flush with the outer end of said member andthe opposite end of said groove terminates flush with the inner end ofsaid member, a liquid passage extending longitudinally through saidmember from one end to the other thereof, the inner end of said memberbeing recessed at the point of communication of the inner end of saidliquid passage whereby the inner end of said liquid passage communicateswith the interior. of the bottle at a point spaced from the point ofcommunication of the inner end of said groove with the interior of thebottle in the direction of flow of fluid from the bottle.

4. An article of manufacture comprising a bottle nozzle having asubstantially cylindrical shape and adapted to be received in the neckof a bottle, and having a groove extending about the exterior of saidcylindrical member constituting an air passage, one end of whichcommunicates with one end of said cylindrical member and the other endof said groove communicating with the opposite end of said cylindricalmember, the innermost end of said cylindrical member, when in place in abottle, being shaped to lie in two difierent levels, and the inner endof said groove communicating with the interior of said bottle at one ofsaid levels, and a liquid passage extending longitudinally through saidcylindrical member and communicating with said inner end at that levelthereof spaced from the level of the end of said groove in the directionof flow of liquid from the bottle.

PHOEBUS BERMAN.

